Функціональна візуалізація при захворюваннях суглобів: сучасний стан та перспективи розвитку (клінічна лекція)
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Ключові слова

опорно-руховий апарат
остеосцинтиграфія
ОФЕКТ
ОФЕКТ/КТ
трифазова ОСГ

Як цитувати

Сатир, М., Солодянникова, О., Новерко, І., & Гальченко , О. (2021). Функціональна візуалізація при захворюваннях суглобів: сучасний стан та перспективи розвитку (клінічна лекція). Український радіологічний та онкологічний журнал, 29(3), 125-142. https://doi.org/10.46879/ukroj.3.2021.125-142

Анотація

Актуальність. Захворювання кістково-м’язової системи, зокрема суглобів, є головним фактором зниження працездатності населення в усьому світі, тому рання їх діагностика і лікування – це пріоритетний напрямок розвитку клінічної медицини. Сучасні методи ядерної медицини дозволяють значно підвищити можливості диференційної діагностики, оптимізувати лікування та покращити прогноз захворювань опорно-рухового апарату (ОРА). Мета роботи – дослідити та узагальнити світовий досвід застосування сучасних методів остеосцинтиграфії (ОСГ) для діагностики захворювань суглобів, визначити можливості і перспективи застосування різних сцинтиграфічних режимів для ведення пацієнтів з патологією ОРА. Матеріали і методи. Повнотекстові публікації, розміщені у базах даних Scopus, Web of Science Core Collection, PubMed (переважно 2015–2021 рр.), міжнародні стандартні настанови для діагностики патології ОРА і монографії, присвячені радіонуклідним методам обстеження та гібридним технологіям візуалізації в онкології, ортопедії і травматології. Результати та їх обговорення. У роботі розглянуто основні підходи до променевої діагностики патологічних змін суглобів та місце у ній остеосцинтиграфії. Визначено основні принципи, проаналізовано можливості та переваги різних протоколів її проведення: конвенційного планарного дослідження всього тіла, трифазової ОСГ, однофотонно-емісійної комп’ютерної томографії (ОФЕКТ) та суміщеної технології з рентгенівською комп’ютерною томографією (ОФЕКТ/КТ). Визначено показання до застосування ОСГ при різних патологічних змінах ОРА. Розглянуто аспекти променевої візуалізації відповідно до патогенезу різних патологічних процесів – системних артритах, захворюваннях суглобів хребта, верхніх та нижніх кінцівок. Проаналізовано і порівняно можливості різних променевих методів діагностики та застосування різних режимів ОСГ залежно від патогенезу і локалізації уражень. Висновки. Виконання ОСГ в трифазовому і томографічних (ОФЕКТ, ОФЕКТ/КТ) режимах значно підвищує ефективність методу для діагностики, визначення активності, стадії і поширеності патології суглобів, а також для моніторингу результатів їх лікування. Метод виявляє активні метаболічні процеси на ранній стадії у судинну, м’якотканинну та кісткову фази та визначає стан суглобів усього тіла без додаткового променевого навантаження.

https://doi.org/10.46879/ukroj.3.2021.125-142
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